// Copyright (C) Stichting Deltares 2021. All rights reserved.
//
// This file is part of the Dam Engine.
//
// The Dam Engine is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
// 
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//
// All names, logos, and references to "Deltares" are registered trademarks of
// Stichting Deltares and remain full property of Stichting Deltares at all times.
// All rights reserved.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;

namespace Deltares.DamEngine.Data.Standard
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Static class ObjectExtensions
    /// </summary>
    public static class ObjectExtensions
    {
        public static readonly CultureInfo DefaultCulture = new CultureInfo("nl-NL");
        private const double threshold = 0.0000001;

        /// <summary>
        /// Tests two double values for equality with a default precision of 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="double1">The first double value</param>
        /// <param name="double2">The other double value to compare with</param>
        /// <returns>True when almost equal</returns>
        public static bool AlmostEquals(this double double1, double double2)
        {
            return AlmostEquals(double1, double2, threshold);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Tests two double values for equality with a given precision
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="double1">The first double value</param>
        /// <param name="double2">The other double value to compare with</param>
        /// <param name="precision">The precision value </param>
        /// <returns>True when almost equal</returns>
        public static bool AlmostEquals(this double double1, double double2, double precision)
        {
            if (double.IsNaN(double1) && double.IsNaN(double2))
            {
                return true;
            }

            if (double.IsNaN(double1) || double.IsNaN(double2))
            {
                return false;
            }

            return (Math.Abs(double1 - double2) <= precision);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Converts an object to another type. Also works with nullable types. The <see cref="System.Convert"/> method can't.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Also works with nullable types and enums. The <see cref="System.Convert"/> method can't do this.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type to converto to</typeparam>
        /// <param name="value">The object to convert</param>
        /// <returns>The converted object</returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">When <paramref name="value"/> is null and <typeparamref name="T"/> name="type"/> is value type and not nullable.</exception>
        /// <exception cref="ConversionException">When an error occurs during conversion.</exception>
        public static T ToType<T>(this object value)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                ThrowIfValueType<T>();

                return default(T);
            }

            return (T)value.ToType(typeof(T), DefaultCulture);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Converts an object to another type. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Also works with nullable types and enums. The <see cref="System.Convert"/> method can't do this.
        /// This method can also be used to downcast numeric values for example from string (double) value "12,0" to short 12
        /// When trying to convert a string to double and the dutch culture is set, then this method tries to 
        /// parse the string with custom logic. Because it occures that some string are not properly 
        /// changed according to the current culture. For instance in dbf files where numeric values are stored as 
        /// strings (for example "10,23") 
        /// Use this method with care when high performance is required it is not yet tested with large data sets
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="value">The value to convert</param>
        /// <param name="type">The target type to convert to</param>
        /// <param name="culture"> </param>
        /// <returns>The converted type</returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">When <paramref name="value"/> is null and <paramref name="type"/> is value type and not nullable.</exception>
        /// <exception cref="ConversionException">When an error occurs during conversion.</exception>
        public static object ToType(this object value, Type type, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                ThrowIfValueType(type);

                return null;
            }

            if (type.IsEnum)
            {
                return value.ToEnumType(type);
            }

            object result = null;

            if (IsNullable(type))
            {
                try
                {
                    var nullableConverter = new NullableConverter(type);
                    type = nullableConverter.UnderlyingType;
                    result = Convert.ChangeType(value, type, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
                }
                catch
                {
                    result = null;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                try
                {
                    if (type == typeof(double) && value is string)
                    {
                        if (Equals(culture, new CultureInfo("nl-NL")))
                        {
                            // TODO: Needs to be tested !! 
                            // TODO: replace parsing with regular expression
                            // TODO: to make this more flexible make parser injectable through lambda's

                            var tmp = value as string;
                            if (tmp.Contains(",") && !tmp.Contains(".")) // 1,5 -> 1.5
                            {
                                value = tmp.Replace(",", ".");
                            }
                            else if (tmp.Contains(",") && tmp.Contains(".") && tmp.Length > 4 && !tmp.Contains(" "))
                            {
                                // 100,000.00 -> 100000.00
                                value = tmp.Replace(",", "");
                            }

                            //TODO:  how to handle 100,000 english notation? Seems not to occur in most/mabye all situations                             
                        }
                        result = value.Equals("NaN") ? Double.NaN : Convert.ChangeType(value, type, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // value needs to be downcasted

                        switch (type.Name)
                        {
                            case "SByte":
                            case "Byte":
                            case "Int16":
                            case "UInt16":
                            case "Int32":
                            case "UInt32":
                            case "Int64":
                            case "UInt64":
                                var tmp = Convert.ChangeType(value, typeof(double), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
                                result = Convert.ChangeType(tmp, type);
                                break;
                            default:
                                result = Convert.ChangeType(value, type, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    ThrowConversionException(value, type, e);
                }
            }

            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Convert the value to the enum type
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">The value to convert.</param>
        /// <param name="type">The type to convert to.</param>
        /// <param name="ignoreCase">Ignores the case if set to true</param>
        /// <returns>The enum</returns>
        public static object ToEnumType(this object value, Type type, bool ignoreCase = false)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("value");
            }

            if (!ignoreCase && !Enum.IsDefined(type, value))
            {
                ThrowConversionException(value, type, null);
            }

            string stringVal = value.ToString();
            object result = null;
            try
            {
                result = Enum.Parse(type, stringVal, ignoreCase);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                ThrowConversionException(value, type, e);
            }
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Convert the value to the enum type
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The enum type to convert to</typeparam>
        /// <param name="value">The value to convert.</param>
        /// <param name="lookup">A translation dictionary to handle items that do not match a given string representation</param>
        /// <returns>The enum</returns>
        public static T ToEnumType<T>(this object value, IDictionary<string, T> lookup)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("value");
            }

            string stringVal = value.ToString();
            if (lookup != null && lookup.ContainsKey(stringVal))
            {
                return lookup[stringVal];
            }

            return (T)ToEnumType(value, typeof(T));
        }

        /// <summary>  
        /// Clone properties from an original object to a destination object.  
        /// </summary>  
        /// <remarks>
        /// Copy matching properties from object to object
        /// http://goneale.wordpress.com/2009/02/16/cloning-object-properties-via-reflection/#
        /// </remarks>
        /// <typeparam name="T1"></typeparam>  
        /// <typeparam name="T2"></typeparam>  
        /// <param name="origin"></param>  
        /// <param name="destination"></param>
        /// <param name="excludedProperties"></param>  
        public static void CloneProperties<T1, T2>(this T1 origin, T2 destination, params string[] excludedProperties)
        {
            // Instantiate if necessary  
            if (destination == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("destination", "Destination object must first be instantiated.");
            }
            // Loop through each property in the destination  
            foreach (var destinationProperty in destination.GetType().GetProperties())
            {
                bool excluded = false;
                foreach (var excludedProperty in excludedProperties)
                {
                    if (excludedProperty.ToLower().Equals(destinationProperty.Name.ToLower()))
                    {
                        excluded = true;
                    }
                }

                if (excluded || IsIList(destinationProperty) || IsIDictionary(destinationProperty)
                    || IsGenericIList(destinationProperty) || IsGenericIDictionary(destinationProperty))
                {
                    continue;
                }
                // find and set val if we can find a matching property name and matching type in the origin with the origin's value  
                if (!origin.Equals(default(T1)) && destinationProperty.CanWrite)
                {
                    PropertyInfo propertyInfo = destinationProperty;
                    origin.GetType().GetProperties().Where(
                        x => x.CanRead && (x.Name == propertyInfo.Name && x.PropertyType == propertyInfo.PropertyType))
                          .ToList()
                          .ForEach(x => propertyInfo.SetValue(destination, x.GetValue(origin, null), null));
                }
            }
        }

        private static bool IsGenericIDictionary(PropertyInfo destinationProperty)
        {
            return destinationProperty.PropertyType.IsGenericType && destinationProperty.PropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(IDictionary<,>);
        }

        private static bool IsIDictionary(PropertyInfo destinationProperty)
        {
            return typeof(IDictionary).IsAssignableFrom(destinationProperty.PropertyType);
        }

        private static bool IsGenericIList(PropertyInfo destinationProperty)
        {
            return destinationProperty.PropertyType.IsGenericType && destinationProperty.PropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(IList<>);
        }

        private static bool IsIList(PropertyInfo destinationProperty)
        {
            return typeof(IList).IsAssignableFrom(destinationProperty.PropertyType);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Throws an ArgumentNullException if target type to convert to is a ValueType.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        private static void ThrowIfValueType<T>()
        {
            ThrowIfValueType(typeof(T));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Throws an ArgumentNullException if target type to convert to is a ValueType.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The type.</param>
        private static void ThrowIfValueType(Type type)
        {
            if (type.IsValueType && !IsNullable(type))
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(
                    string.Format("The value can't be null because parameter type {0} is a value type", type));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines whether the specified type is nullable.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The type.</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///   <c>true</c> if the specified type is nullable; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
        /// </returns>
        private static bool IsNullable(Type type)
        {
            return type.IsGenericType && type.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Throws conversion exception.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">The value.</param>
        /// <param name="type">The type.</param>
        /// <param name="e">The exception.</param>
        private static void ThrowConversionException(object value, Type type, Exception e)
        {
            string v = "";
            try
            {
                v = value.ToString().Replace("\0", " ");
            }
            catch
            {
                throw new ConversionException(type, value.ToString(), e);
            }

            throw new ConversionException(type, v, e);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets the object value.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="pInfo">The property info.</param>
        /// <param name="dest">The destination object</param>
        /// <param name="value">The value</param>
        /// <param name="translator">The translator</param>
        public static void SetObjectValue<T>(this PropertyInfo pInfo, T dest, object value,
            Func<object, object> translator)
        {
            if (pInfo != null && pInfo.CanWrite)
            {
                if (translator != null)
                {
                    pInfo.SetValue(dest, translator(value), null);
                }
                else
                {
                    if (pInfo.PropertyType.IsEnum)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            object v = Enum.Parse(pInfo.PropertyType, value.ToString(), true);
                            pInfo.SetValue(dest, v, null);
                        }
                        catch (Exception e)
                        {
                            string msg = string.Format(
                                "Couldn't parse value '{1}' to type {0}. Try to set a translation rule for this conversion.",
                                pInfo.PropertyType, value);

                            throw new ConversionException(msg, e);
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        pInfo.SetValue(dest, ToType(value, pInfo.PropertyType), null);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Converts an object to another type. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">The value.</param>
        /// <param name="type">The type.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"When <paramref name="value"/> is null and <paramref name="type"/> is value type and not nullable.</exception>
        /// <exception cref="ConversionException">When an error occurs during conversion.</exception>
        public static object ToType(this object value, Type type)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                ThrowIfValueType(type);

                return null;
            }

            return value.ToType(type, DefaultCulture);
        }

    }
}